Tags are embedded commands within a document that communicate to the browser. By adding tags to an HTML document, you tell the browser "Hey look, I'm a paragraph tag." A web browser reads an HTML document top to bottom, left to right. Each time the browser finds a tag, it is displayed accordingly (paragraphs look like paragraphs, tables look like tables, etc). We like to think that tags have 3 major parts: opening tag(s_, content(s), and closing tag(s).
HTML Code:
<openingtag>Content</closingtag>
Tags should be lower-case letters if you plan on publishing your work. This is the standard for XHTML and Dynamic HTML. Here's quick look at some HTML tags.
HTML Tags:
<body>Body Tag</body>
<p>Paragraph Tag</p>
<h2>Heading Tag</h2>
<b>Bold Tag</b>
<i>Italic Tag</i>
Tags Without Closing Tags
There are a few tags that do not follow the mold shown above. They still have the 3 basic parts (opening/closing and content). These tags however do not require a formal </closingtag> but rather a modified version. The reason being that these tags do not really require any content. Rather some of them just need a source URL and this is enough information for the browser to display the tag properly (image tags). Let's take a look at a line break tag.
HTML Code:
<br />
To tell the browser we want to place a line break (carriage return) onto the site, it is not necessary to type linebreak
for instance. If every line break tag needed all three components as other do, life would become redundant real quick. Instead the better solution was to combine the opening and closing tags into a single format.
HTML Code:
<img src="../mypic.jpg" /> -- Image Tag
<br /> -- Line Break Tag
<input type="text" size="12" /> -- Input Field
Display:
--Page Break--
As you can see from the above image tag, your browser is completely capable of interpreting this tag so long as we tell the browser where the image is located using the src attribute. More on attributes in the next lesson.
Tag Depreciation
HTML tags depreciate as new languages are developed. They become outdated and somewhat useless. For example, the <font> tag is used to change the color and styles of font displayed on your web page. Cascading Style Sheets can perform the same function with half the hassle, for this reason the font tag has depreciated and is no longer overly useful in HTML. Fortunately we will mention if a tag has depreciated as you continue through this tutorial.
http://www.tizag.com/htmlT/tags.php
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